Chapter 2. Developmental Physiology and Pharmacology
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- Mia Giles
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- Developmental Changes of the Rib Cage from Birth to Adulthood – Adults can increase lung volume by raising the ribs and contracting the diaphragm. Early in development, the configuration of the rib cage and muscular attachments of the diaphragm place the newborn at a mechanical disadvantage because the ribs are already “raised,” and contraction of the diaphragm results in a relatively small increase in thoracic cavity volume. Illustration by Rob Fedirko.
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- Effect of Age on Coagulation Tests
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- Normal Newborn Echocardiograph – The normal newborn electrocardiograph demonstrates a preponderance of right-sided forces as evidenced by a QRS axis greater than 90 degrees, and decreasing R wave size from right to left in the precordial leads. T waves are normally inverted in lead AVR and the right-sided precordial leads. ECG courtesy of Dr. Akash Patel.
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- Normal Newborn Daily Electrolyte Requirements
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- Anesthetic-related Drugs Metabolized by CYP2D6
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- Codeine Metabolism Pathway – Permission from PharmGKB and Stanford University.
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- Effect of Age on Body Compartments
Basics of Pediatric Anesthesia/Pediatric Anesthesia Article of the Day 
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